北京冬奥会开幕式将于2月4日在国度体育场鸟巢上演。
2021年10月28日，国度体育场夜景 图源：新华社
曾执导过北京2008年奥运会开终结式的张艺谋将再挑重担，担任2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会开终结式总导演，他也成为世界第一位执导夏奥和冬奥开终结式的“双奥”总导演。
Zhang Yimou, who directed the opening and closing ceremonies for Beijing's 2008 Summer Games, will be behind the wheel again for the ceremonies for the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, making the 71-year-old the first person to direct both the Summer and Winter Games ceremonies as Beijing makes history as the first city to host both.
张艺谋 图源：新华社
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张艺谋表达，十分荣幸能够成为“双奥”导演，感应身上担子轻飘飘。It's a great honor to direct the opening ceremony for the second time," Zhang said, adding that "the burden is very heavy".
北京冬奥组委开终结式工做部部长、国度体育场运行团队主任常宇 图源：新华社
北京冬奥组委开终结式工做部部长、国度体育场运行团队主任常宇说：“张艺谋导演主导创做了令世人赞颂的北京2008年奥运会开终结式，给全世界留下了十分深的印象。2017年，冬奥组委再次礼聘张艺谋担任平昌冬奥会终结式‘北京8分钟’导演，又一次在一个很短的时间内向世界展示了纷歧样的中国，各方评判也十分好。所以在2019年我们确立开终结式总导演时，颠末冬奥组委的认实研究评审，最末确定再次请张艺谋担任北京冬奥会和冬残奥会开终结式总导演。”Director Zhang Yimou created the impressive 2008 Games opening ceremony that wowed the world. In 2017, we hired him to take charge of 'Beijing's eight minutes' in Pyeongchang, and he was able to present the world a different China in such a limited time with a well-received show. Therefore, when we decided on the chief director in 2019, we chose him again after careful deliberation," said Chang Yu, director of the Beijing Games organizing committee's opening and closing ceremonies department.
开幕式会是啥样？
本届冬奥会开终结式以“构建人类命运配合体”为核心表达，以“简约、平安、超卓”为创做原则，安身于从全世界的角度展看美妙将来。
主题：从“我”到“我们”
张艺谋表达，开幕式大的主题与冬奥会标语一致—“一路向将来”。
图源：新华社
他用了一中一西两句话描述——李白的诗“燕山雪花大如席”和西方鄙谚“世界上没有两片雪花是不异的”。“期看通过一朵雪花来传递人类配合的感情，没有两片雪花是不异的，但今天各人会聚在北京，配合成为一朵灿烂的雪花，就是构建人类命运配合体的大的理念，和‘一路向将来’如许人类配合的感情。”
2022年冬奥会的要求是“简约、平安、超卓”，开幕式也将以此为原则。
The opening ceremony will be in keeping with Beijing's efforts to stage a "simple, safe and splendid" Games, Zhang said.
张艺谋透露，2008年开幕式4个多小时，而此次不会超越100分钟。既是俭省办赛，也是考虑到冬天气候冷冷，看寡和嘉宾都在露天，此外还有疫情防控的要求；2008年开幕式有15000名演员，而那一次将会大幅度削减，演员约3000人，意味着
不再依靠“人海战术”。
2008年北京奥运会开幕式上的击缶演出 图源：新华社
There will be no lengthy, large-scale performance, with the number of performers cut from 15,000 in 2008 to 3,000, and the duration of the ceremony reduced to less than 100 minutes due to the cold weather and the COVID-19 pandemic.
在艺术表达上，张艺谋认可，若何做到又简约又超卓是更大挑战。“我们不再设定一个大规模文艺演出的框架，是要收，然后把文艺演出和仪式流程融在一路，而不是一个板块一个板块来区分。”
但简约不等于简单。他表达，将展示空灵、唯美、简约的现代艺术风采，传递冰雪晶莹剔透的浪漫感，另一种美学概念。
However, the quality will not be affected by the decrease in quantity.
“简约，就像我们拍武侠片，高手的一把剑，十分简单的一剑，带有千钧之力是吧？那就是简约有力量的一种表现。”Being simple, just as in martial arts films, is like a master's sword," Zhang said. "All his spirit is focused on the tip of the sword, and the power of his stab is different. It looks like a very simple stab, but with fateful power.点火：史无前例
点火有看成为2022冬奥会开幕式的更大亮点。
One of the most anticipated parts of the opening ceremony is the lighting of the main cauldron.
2008年8月8日，最初一棒火炬手李宁在北京奥运会开幕式上凌空绕场一周，预备点燃主火炬 图源：新华社
2008年李宁的飞身点火已成为奥运史上的典范画面。而那一次，张艺谋说：“点火的体例甚至火炬台的体例，是我们更大胆的一个设想和变化，百年奥运史上还没有呈现过。”
Zhang said his team had come up with "a bold idea for the lighting and the design of the main cauldron".This time, the way of lighting will certainly be different," he said. "It's a major reform of the opening ceremony. It will be unprecedented in the over 100-year history of the Olympic Games.他还透露，那个设想是为了表现低碳环保的理念，本身也一度很忐忑，但很高兴获得了冬奥组委的鼎力撑持和国际奥委会的必定。“很高兴北京冬奥会能成为第一个食螃蟹的。”
He hinted that the design was in line with the concept of environmental protection and low carbon emissions.
期看：表达中国人的心里
张艺谋认为，无论是开终结式，仍是“更快、更高、更强”的奥运精神，人永久是重点，包罗人的精神面孔，人的心里和感情。
Zhang said "people's participation"—"a major goal" of hosting the Games—is also important for the opening ceremony. "It's always about the people. The spirit, emotion and hope are always the key points.所以那一次他更存眷老苍生的参与、各人的参与，因为那是举办奥运会的一个次要目标，在许多演出和环节中也会强调那一点。
2019年6月21日，中关村第三小学的学生们在上旱地越野滑雪教学课 图源：新华社
为了足够表现群寡性、多元化的特色，本届冬奥会和冬残奥会开终结式演员将由学生群体、群寡文化社团人员、残疾人艺术团演员等构成。在重要的仪式环节中，还将有来自各行各业的代表参与演出。
The opening ceremony will also be characterized by engaging with the general public and diversity, with some performers coming from schools and grassroots arts groups. Representatives from all walks of life will be part of the ceremony.
张艺谋在鸟巢排演现场
疫情期间，国际形势有了新的改变。在更复杂的国际形势面前，“期看展示出中国人的自信、对世界人民的感情，我们一些伟大的理念和价值看，也包罗新加进奥林匹克格言的‘更连合’，通过开幕式让人们看到中国人实正的心里，我觉适当然长短常有意义的工作。”
He said the pandemic has brought about changes in the world, with China facing a new and complicated international situation. That's why he hoped to present genuine thoughts of the Chinese people via the Olympic stage.What the Winter Olympics show is the Chinese people's confidence, pride, love and affection for the people of the world－our great philosophy and values," Zhang said.If we can showcase that in an artistic, emotional and subtle way through the opening ceremony, so that people can see the real inner thoughts of Chinese people, that will be very meaningful.张艺谋表达，在他一生的创做中，奥运的重量远重于片子。
2021年12月30日，张艺谋凭仗影片《悬崖之上》获得更佳导演奖 图源：新华社
“起首还没有一个导演能有如许的时机，两次执导奥运开幕式。片子是职业，但奥运会是不成比的。其次，片子有时候是小我的，小我有感而发，按小我爱好往抉择。而奥运会，从做那件事的第一秒起头，你就晓得你的死后是国度，是全体中国人，你有那份轻飘飘的责任。所以代表的不是小我，胜利也不是小我的胜利。不晓得几人的心血，才获得那一晚上的灿烂绽放，那个意义完全差别。”
编纂：陈月华
练习生：申乐
来源：新华社