点击" 万禾英语"存眷我们
25日凌晨，2022世界杯小组赛H组，葡萄牙队对阵加纳队，第62分钟葡萄牙队获得点球时机，C罗主罚射中，葡萄牙队1：0领先加纳队。
那是C罗在本届世界杯上的第一个进球，他也成为世界杯汗青上第一个在持续5届世界杯均获得进球的球员。
A controversial 63rd minute penalty by Cristiano Ronaldo put Portugal on the way to a 3-2 win over Ghana, with all the goals coming in the last half hour.
A controversial 63rd minute penalty by Cristiano Ronaldo put Portugal on the way to a 3-2 win over Ghana, with all the goals coming in the last half hour.
点球用英语怎么说？足球赛中什么情状会呈现点球？各类足球技法都是什么意思？
世界杯小白们没必要担忧！双语君预备了那份看赛指南，让你在赏识角逐之余，也能领会一些与足球、世界杯相关的小常识！
世界杯那些事儿
▌ FIFA World Cup
国际足联世界杯
展开全文
图源：FIFA官网
世界杯全称为“国际足联世界杯”，每四年举办一次，是象征足球界更高荣誉，并具有更大出名度和影响力的足球赛事。
2022卡塔尔世界杯是第22届世界杯，于本地时间11月20日至12月18日举行。32收球队将在本届世界杯中停止64场角逐。
The FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 is played from Nov 20 to Dec 18. 32 teams will compete across 64 matches in the 22nd edition of the tournament.
The FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 is played from Nov 20 to Dec 18. 32 teams will compete across 64 matches in the 22nd edition of the tournament.
▌FIFA World Cup Trophy
鼎力神杯
图源：新华社
鼎力神杯初次在1974年世界杯用于颁奖。鼎力神杯高14.5英尺（约36.8厘米），由6.175公斤75%黄金铸造。其圆形基座曲径为13厘米，由两层孔雀石造成。
The FIFA World Cup trophy is 14.5 inches tall and is made of 6.175 kg of 18 karats (75%) gold. It has a circular base, 13 cm in diameter, made of two layers of malachite.
The FIFA World Cup trophy is 14.5 inches tall and is made of 6.175 kg of 18 karats (75%) gold. It has a circular base, 13 cm in diameter, made of two layers of malachite.
世界杯自1930年举办至今共有过两座奖杯。从第一届到第九届，利用的是雷米特杯 （Jules Rimet Trophy）。根据规定，第一收三次博得世界杯的球队将能够永久保留雷米特杯，1970年，巴西做到了那一点。
11月20日，法国队名宿德塞利在海湾球场展现鼎力神杯 图源：新华社
▌mascot
不祥物
卡塔尔世界杯的不祥物正式表态后，收获了广阔网友喜欢，更被中国网友亲热称做“成精的饺子皮儿”。那条会飞的头巾名字被官方定名为La'eeb。
拉伊卜在阿拉伯语中意为身手精湛的球员。寓意是鼓舞人们相信本身，因为“此刻即所有”。拉伊卜将带各人领略足球的魅力。
La’eeb is an Arabic word meaning super-skilled player. La’eeb encourages everyone to believe in themselves as "Now is All". He will bring the joy of football to everyone.
La’eeb is an Arabic word meaning super-skilled player. La’eeb encourages everyone to believe in themselves as "Now is All". He will bring the joy of football to everyone.
角逐规则
▌positions
球员位置
足球共十一个位置，差别位置的球员各司其职。
►GK (goalkeeper / goalie) : 守门员
次要目标 是阻遏对方球队进球，是足球角逐中独一被容许用手挡球的球员。
►ST (striker) / CF (center forward) : 先锋
次要使命是进攻，打破对方防线，争取射门得分。
►CAM (central attacking midfielder) : 前腰
进攻中场、前腰，专门负责组织进攻，造造时机给先锋，或亲身攻门。
►CDM (central defending midfielder) : 后腰
防卫中场，于中场负责阻截敌手攻势，然后将球传给队友策动攻势。
►CB (center back) : 中后卫
负责阻遏对方球员策动攻势，同时封锁在对方控球之下进进本方的禁区位置。
►WB (wing back) / LBRB: 左/右边卫
负责球场两侧防卫的球员，次要使命是障碍对方球员把球从边线传进禁区。
▌ penalty
点球
Penalty 在英文中本意为赏罚，因为在足球中最严厉的赏罚就是点球，所以点球就称为penalty。
假设在两个15分钟的加时赛之后比分仍然持平，两队将停止点球大战 （ penalty shootout） 决胜。
If the score remains tied after both of the 15-minute extra time sessions, the two teams then go to penalty kicks.
If the score remains tied after both of the 15-minute extra time sessions, the two teams then go to penalty kicks.
五轮点球大战的特征是踢点球球员和对方门将之间开展一对一比赛。球队必需每次安放差别球员踢点球，两边球队瓜代停止。射门位置位于间隔球门12码的罚球点。
The best-of-five shootout features one-on-one situations between the kicker and the opposing goalkeeper. Teams must use different kickers for each attempt, alternating attempts with the opposing team. Kicks are taken from the penalty mark, which is 12 yards from the goal.
The best-of-five shootout features one-on-one situations between the kicker and the opposing goalkeeper. Teams must use different kickers for each attempt, alternating attempts with the opposing team. Kicks are taken from the penalty mark, which is 12 yards from the goal.
一旦一方进球处于绝对领先，对方无法反超，则角逐公布完毕。假设五轮点球完毕，两边仍未分出胜败，则摘用“突然灭亡法”加罚：即两边陆续罚点球，曲至某一轮完毕后，一方获得优势（一方罚进而另一方未罚进），便博得本场角逐成功。
Once the shootout lead is insurmountable, the game is over. If still tied through five rounds of penalty kicks, the shootout goes to sudden death. The first team to have an advantage after a completed round is declared the winner of the game.
Once the shootout lead is insurmountable, the game is over. If still tied through five rounds of penalty kicks, the shootout goes to sudden death. The first team to have an advantage after a completed round is declared the winner of the game.
▌extra time
加时赛
在世界杯裁减赛中，假设90分钟角逐完毕后两边打平，角逐将进进加时赛。
If a victor has not been declared after two 45-minute halves during the elimination rounds of the World Cup, the game goes to extra time.
If a victor has not been declared after two 45-minute halves during the elimination rounds of the World Cup, the game goes to extra time.
图源：Sports Illustrated
在常规时间完毕后，两队连结平手，则在歇息5分钟后停止加时赛。
After regulation has been completed and the two teams remain tied, there is a five-minute break before extra time begins.
After regulation has been completed and the two teams remain tied, there is a five-minute break before extra time begins.
世界杯加时赛上下半场各15分钟，中间有1分钟歇息时间。世界杯加时赛须踢满30分钟。
Extra time in the World Cup consists of two 15-minute sessions, with a one-minute break in between. The full 30 minutes of extra time is played in its entirety.
Extra time in the World Cup consists of two 15-minute sessions, with a one-minute break in between. The full 30 minutes of extra time is played in its entirety.
▌injury Time
伤停补时
图源：Getty Images
也能够翻译为“stoppage time，added time”。在足球角逐中，指裁判在角逐的每半场完毕时增加的角逐时间。
Sometimes called stoppage time, occasionally referred to as added time, injury time in association football is the time that the referee adds to the end of each half of a game.
Sometimes called stoppage time, occasionally referred to as added time, injury time in association football is the time that the referee adds to the end of each half of a game.
凡是足球角逐都有伤停补时，而时间都纷歧定，计算体例是由主裁判决定的。
▌to commit a foul
犯规
犯规在英文里能够用 to commit a foul 来表达，它指的是违背规则的行为。好比用手触球，踢对方球员等。
当一名球员因犯规而被警告时，会被出示一张黄牌 （yellow card），那意味着被记名 （to get booked）。假设被出示两张黄牌或因严峻犯规行为而被出示一张红牌 （red card）时，球员就会被罚下场 （to be sent off）。
例句：
He got sent off for deliberate handball in the 32nd minute.
他在第32分钟时因有意手球犯规被罚下场。
He got sent off for deliberate handball in the 32nd minute.
他在第32分钟时因有意手球犯规被罚下场。
图源：The Independent
判罚是足球角逐中非常重要的构成部门。
好比， 在进攻方传球球员起脚的霎时，接球球员比倒数第二名防卫球员间隔球门更近，同时比球间隔球门更近，并试图借此位置进球或骚乱角逐，就会被判罚越位（offside）。
在比来备受存眷的沙特阿拉伯队与阿根廷队的角逐中，阿根廷队的三个进球恰是因为越位被取缔。
除此之外，在足球角逐中，假摔是指一个球员为了获得对本身有利的判罚，而假拆被敌手进犯倒地。动做近似跳水运动的进水动做，所以英文称为diving。
例句：
As much as it may be unappealing to many, diving is just apart of the game of soccer.
固然良多人对假摔行为五体投地，但它其实也是足球角逐的一部门。
As much as it may be unappealing to many, diving is just apart of the game of soccer.
固然良多人对假摔行为五体投地，但它其实也是足球角逐的一部门。
▌group stage/knockout phase
小组赛/裁减赛
世界杯小组赛的32收参赛队抽签分为八个小组，每组四队停止角逐，小组赛共停止48场角逐。每收球队都必需和其他三收球队停止且只停止一场角逐，胜、平、负别离积3、1、0分。
图源：FIFA官网
世界杯小组赛将从32收球队中选出“16强”，每个小组的前两名晋级裁减赛。
裁减赛每个阶段只停止一场角逐，获胜方间接晋级，失败就会被裁减（半决赛获胜两队进进决赛，失利的两队争夺第三名）。
The World Cup group stage will whittle the field for the tournament down from 32 teams to 16, with the top two teams in each group advancing to the knockout phase.
The World Cup group stage will whittle the field for the tournament down from 32 teams to 16, with the top two teams in each group advancing to the knockout phase.
球场风云
▌ to score a goal
进球
在赛场上，每进一次球都能让人热血沸腾。进球的英文是to score a goal。
例句：
With all the players down at the other end of the field they left
themselves wide open for the other team to score a goal.
所有的球员都到了球场的另一边，就留下空档让对方有机可乘进了一个球。
With all the players down at the other end of the field they left
themselves wide open for the other team to score a goal.
所有的球员都到了球场的另一边，就留下空档让对方有机可乘进了一个球。
图源：FIFA官网
进球次数越多，英文的表达也纷歧样。
►to beat: to score more goals than the opposition.
指的是比敌手进的球多。
►to thrash: to score LOTS more goals than the opposition!
指的是比敌手多进良多球。
►to get a whipping: to be beaten badly by the opposition.
指的是被敌手打得很惨。
除此之外，足球角逐中的踢球、进球、传球那些词都有差别的说法。
►to shoot 指的是射门，也就是将球踢向球门并试图得分。
►to pass (the ball) 指的是传球，就是将球踢给另一名球员。
►to dribble (the ball) 指的是盘球，意思是球员在跑的过程中也掌握着球。
►last-gasp goal指的是绝杀球，意思是 角逐的最初时刻攻破对方球门。
►intercept指的是拦截球，意思是 角逐时 封锁对方的传球或来球道路。
►tackle指的是铲球，意思是 操纵倒地时脚或腿的伸、扫、蹬、勾等动做停止夺截或控球、传球、射门的手艺。
▌ own goal
乌龙球
假设一收球队在角逐中score an own goal，那可不是什么值得高兴的事儿。在英语中own goal表达“乌龙球，无意中帮对方得分的进球”。
图源：Goal
An own goal occurs when a player causes the ball to go into their own team’s goal, resulting in a goal being scored for the opposition.
乌龙球指球员让球进了本队的球门，招致对方步队得分的情状。
An own goal occurs when a player causes the ball to go into their own team’s goal, resulting in a goal being scored for the opposition.
乌龙球指球员让球进了本队的球门，招致对方步队得分的情状。
▌ hat trick
帽子戏法
球场中最冲动人心的时刻莫过于见到帽子戏法。
图源：Sports King
“帽子戏法”是指在足球角逐中，一名队员3次将球踢进对方球门，但不包罗在决定角逐胜败的点球大战中的进球。
A hat trick in soccer is when one player scores three goals in a single soccer game. A penalty scored during a penalty shootout does not count.
A hat trick in soccer is when one player scores three goals in a single soccer game. A penalty scored during a penalty shootout does not count.
▌ butterfingers
黄油手
假设一小我的手指上沾满黄油，当他摸到足球时，会发作什么样的工作呢？
所以我们经常用“butterfingers”来调侃没能接住球的守门员“goalkeeper”，后来也常用那个词来特指拿不稳工具的人、笨手笨脚的人。
例句：
England goalkeeper Robert Green dominated the headlines as a "butterfingers" after his fumble against the USA in the group rounds.
在小组赛阶段对阵美国的角逐中，英格兰门将罗伯特·格林因其“黄油手”失球而占据了各大报刊的头条。
England goalkeeper Robert Green dominated the headlines as a "butterfingers" after his fumble against the USA in the group rounds.
在小组赛阶段对阵美国的角逐中，英格兰门将罗伯特·格林因其“黄油手”失球而占据了各大报刊的头条。
▌upset
爆冷门
11月22日，沙特阿拉伯队2-1爆冷击败阿根廷队；11月23日，日本队2-1爆冷逆转德国队。本届世界杯频频发作的爆冷门令许多球迷都大食一惊。
华盛顿邮报将沙特阿拉伯队与阿根廷队的角逐描述为“惊人的世界杯倾覆性事务” 图源：华盛顿邮报
“爆冷”用英语怎么说？其实就是一个不起眼的小词，“upset”。
在那里，“upset” 指的就是冷门、击败可能获胜者的含义，即an occasion when someone beats the team or player that was expected to win。
例句：
Saudi Arabia pulled off one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history on Tuesday with a 2-1 victory over Argentina.
沙特阿拉伯队2-1战胜阿根廷队，上演了世界杯汗青上最难以想象的逆转之一。
Saudi Arabia pulled off one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history on Tuesday with a 2-1 victory over Argentina.
沙特阿拉伯队2-1战胜阿根廷队，上演了世界杯汗青上最难以想象的逆转之一。
来源：中国日报双语新闻
点点点，赞和在看都在那儿！