1、介词：表示位置或方式。“Our teacher was sitting by the window.”（我们的老师坐在窗户旁边。）
例句：
- He walked by me without speaking.
- My brother goes by the building every day.
2、介词：表示途径或到达。“He walked by me without speaking.”（他匆匆走过去，一句话也没说。）
例句：
- You can arrive at your destination via train and flight.
- She arrived safely after flying all the way from London to New York.
3、介词：表示习惯或反复发生的事物。“I spend my holidays by the sea.”（我在海边度假。）
例句：
- On the weekends, she often goes out for a walk.
4、介词：表示限制或否定。“She doesn't like driving cars”（她不喜欢开车。）
例句：
- The room was empty, so he sat down on the floor.
5、介词：表示原因或时间顺序。“By working hard, you will achieve success.”（通过努力工作，你会取得成功。）
例句：
- I finished my homework before you got home yesterday.
6、介词：表示方式或工具。“The book is written in English.”（这本书是用英语写的。）
例句：
- He is learning French by watching TV series.
7、介词：表示目的或原因。“I wanted to learn Chinese because it's so useful.”（我想学习中文，因为它很有用。）
例句：
- They wanted to find a job after graduation.
8、介词：表示程度或方式。“It takes him about three hours to finish his work.”（他大约花费三个小时完成他的工作。）
例句：
- The weather forecast said that there would be thunderstorms tomorrow.
9、介词：表示范围或层次。“He studies music theory at university.”（他在大学里学音乐理论。）
例句：
- The city has different areas with different cultures.
10、介词：表示在某些情况下的场合。“Let’s go shopping after school.”（放学后我们去购物吧。）
例句：
- If you want to improve your pronunciation, listen to this recording carefully.
11、介词：表示方向或方位。“He passed me by the corner.”（他从角落经过。）
例句：
- I was waiting for you in the library.
- The car turned left at the crossing.
12、介词：表示在附近的地方。“We stayed near the park.”（我们在公园附近住了下来。）
例句：
- She works in a small shop near my house.